U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry called on Wednesday for China to do more to rein in North Korea’s nuclear activities and decrease tensions over disputed parts of the South China Sea. Wrapping up an eight-day, around-the-world diplomatic mission in Beijing, Mr. Kerry hailed U.S.-China cooperation on several issues, including the Iran nuclear deal and climate change, but said consensus on North Korea and the South China Sea remained a work in progress.
“Clearly we have several important issues that we need to find the way forward on,” Mr. Kerry told reporters as he began his meeting with Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi. Mr. Kerry called North Korea “a major challenge to global security” and noted U.S. “concerns and activities in the South China Sea.” “We have proven … when our two countries find common ground and work together, we can make things happen,” he said. “And it is my hope that today will be constructive and we will find a way forward.” In his opening remarks, Mr. Wang mentioned both issues briefly and said he was eager to hear what Mr. Kerry had to say. But he offered no hint as to whether China would respond to the entreaties beyond saying he hoped the two nations would be able “to deepen our understanding and mutual trust to deepen our strategic cooperation.”
The U.S. badly wants China to take a firmer stance in urging North Korea to end its nuclear testing. China is North Korea’s main link to the outside world, and American officials say Beijing isn’t doing enough to persuade North Korea to stop the tests and return to disarmament talks. The so-called six-party talks between the North and South Korea, the United States, China, Russia and Japan have been stalled since they were last held in December 2008. Pyongyang has since conducted three nuclear tests, including the latest on Jan. 6, sparking worries the country has made progress in its bomb programme.
Mr. Kerry, who after meeting with Mr. Wang was set to see State Councillor Yang Jiechi and hoped to meet later with President Xi Jinping, also called on China to halt land reclamation and construction in disputed areas of the South China Sea, which have alarmed its smaller neighbors. Mr. Kerry arrived in China from stops in Laos and Cambodia, where he called on the two members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations to present a united front in dealing with increasing Chinese assertiveness over the South China Sea claims. His visits to Vientiane and Phnom Penh come ahead of a summit with the leaders of all 10 ASEAN nations that President Barack Obama will host next month in California.
China, which claims sovereignty of much of the territory in the South China Sea, rejects claims from countries like the Philippines and Vietnam and has bristled at U.S. warnings that its activities threaten the freedom of navigation in some of the world’s busiest commercial shipping lanes. Taiwan, Malaysia and Brunei also have overlapping claims in the strategically vital sea, through which around $5 trillion in world trade passes each year. The U.S. says it takes no position on the claims but says developments in the South China Sea are a national security interest. It has urged that the disputes be settled peacefully and that a binding code of conduct be established for the area.
Tensions have been especially high since Beijing transformed seven disputed reefs into islands, where it is now constructing runways and facilities that rival claimants say can be used militarily. China has said it built the islands primarily to foster safe civilian sea travel and fishing. In response, the U.S. sent a guided-missile destroyer close to one of the Chinese-built islands, called Subi Reef, in October in a challenge to Beijing’s territorial claims, sparking warnings from China. U.S. officials vowed to continue manoeuvres to protect freedom of navigation and overflight.
Recent developments, including China’s movement of an oil rig into a zone disputed with Vietnam and warnings against Philippines overflight of what it claims to be its territory, have raised those levels of concern. China dismisses the warnings as unwarranted, but has harshly criticized a U.S.-Philippines defence pact that allows American forces, warships and planes to be based temporarily in local military camps. China says that will “escalate tensions and undermine peace and stability in the region,” echoing language the United States uses to criticize China’s actions.
